Reliability Based Aircraft Maintenance Optimization and Applications

Series Editor's Foreword xxi Preface xxiii Acknowledgement xxv About the Companion Website xxvii 1 Basic Reliability Concepts and Models 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Reliability Definition and Hazard Rate 1 1.3 Mean Lifetime and Mean Residual Life 9 1.4 System Downtime and Availability 14 1.5 Discrete Random Variable for Reliability Modeling 15 1.6 Continuous Random Variable for Reliability Modeling 18 1.7 Bayesian Reliability Model 28 1.8 Markov Model and Poisson Process 30 References 34 Problems 35 2 Reliability Estimation with Uncertainty 41 2.1 Introduction 41 2.2 Reliability Block Diagram 41 2.3 Series Systems 43 2.4 Parallel Systems 47 2.5 Mixed Series and Parallel Systems 49 2.6 Systems with k-out-of-n:G Redundancy 55 2.7 Network Systems 58 2.8 Reliability Confidence Intervals 66 2.9 Reliability of Multistate Systems 68 2.10 Reliability Importance 71 References 78 Problems 81 3 Design and Optimization for Reliability 89 3.1 Introduction 89 3.2 Lifecycle Reliability Optimization 89 3.3 Reliability and Redundancy Allocation 95 3.4 Multiobjective Reliability-Redundancy Allocation 103 3.5 Failure-in-Time Based Design 108 3.6 Failure Rate Considering Uncertainty 115 3.7 Fault-Tree Method 118 3.8 Failure Mode, Effect, and Criticality Analysis 121 3.9 Case Study: Reliability Design for Six Sigma 123 References 127 Problems 129 4 Reliability Growth Planning 133 4.1 Introduction 133 4.2 Classification of Failures 133 4.3 Failure Mode Types 136 4.4 No Fault Found (NFF) Failures 138 4.5 Corrective Action Effectiveness 141 4.6 Reliability Growth Model 145 4.7 Reliability Growth and Demonstration Test 154 4.8 Lifecycle Reliability Growth Planning 159 4.9 Case Study 164 References 166 Problems 169 5 Accelerated Stress Testing and Economics 171 5.1 Introduction 171 5.2 Design of Accelerated Stress Test 171 5.3 Scale Acceleration Model and Usage Rate 178 5.4 Arrhenius Model 184 5.5 Eyring Model and Power Law Model 187 5.6 Semiparametric Acceleration Models 190 5.7 Highly Accelerated Stress Screening Testing 195 5.8 A Case Study for HASS Project 199 References 204 Problems 206 6 Renewal Theory and Superimposed Renewal 211 6.1 Introduction 211 6.2 Renewal Integral Equation 211 6.3 Exponential and Erlang Renewal 219 6.4 Generalized Exponential Renewal 221 6.5 Weibull Renewal with Decreasing Failure Rate 226 6.6 Weibull Renewal with Increasing Failure Rate 230 6.7 Renewal under Deterministic Fleet Expansion 239 6.8 Renewal under Stochastic Fleet Expansion 245 6.9 Case Study 248 References 252 Problems 255 7 Performance-Based Maintenance 259 7.1 Introduction 259 7.2 Corrective Maintenance 259 7.3 Preventive Maintenance 262 7.4 Condition-Based Maintenance 267 7.5 Inverse Gaussian Degradation Process 275 7.6 Non-Stationary Gaussian Degradation Process 278 7.7 Performance-Based Maintenance 285 7.8 Contracting for Performance-Based Logistics 293 7.9 Case Study - RUL Prediction of Electronics Equipment 295 Appendix 298 References 299 Problems 304 8 Warranty Models and Services 309 8.1 Introduction 309 8.2 Warranty Concept and Its Roles 309 8.3 Warranty Policy for Non-repairable Product 312 8.4 Warranty Models for Repairable Products 321 8.5 Warranty Service for Variable Installed Base 325 8.6 Warranty Service under Reliability Growth 329 8.7 Other Warranty Services 335 8.8 Case Study: Design for Warranty 340 References 343 Problems 346 9 Basic Spare Parts Inventory Models 349 9.1 Introduction 349 9.2 Overview of Inventory Model 349 9.3 Deterministic EOQ Model 352 9.4 The News vendor Model 357 9.5 The (q, r) Inventory System under Continuous Review 361 9.6 The (s, S, T) Policy under Periodic Review 368 9.7 Basic Supply Chain Systems 372 9.8 Spare Parts Demand Forecasting 377 References 383 Problems 387 10 Repairable Inventory System 391 10.1 Introduction 391 10.2 Characteristics of Repairable Inventory Systems 391 10.3 Single-Echelon Inventory with Uncapacitated Repair 396 10.4 Single-Echelon Inventory with Capacitated Repair 402 10.5 Repairable Inventory for a Finite Fleet Size 405 10.6 Single-Echelon Inventory with Emergency Repair 408 10.7 Repairable Inventory Planning under Fleet Expansion 412 10.8 Multi-echelon, Multi-item Repairable Inventory 417 10.9 Case Study: Teradyne's Spare Parts Supply Chain 424 References 432 Problems 434 11 Reliability and Service Integration 439 11.1 Introduction 439 11.2 The Rise of Product-Service System 439 11.3 Allocation of Reliability and Inventory for a Static Fleet 444 11.4 Allocation of Reliability and Inventory under Fleet Expansion 451 11.5 Joint Allocation of Maintenance, Inventory, and Repair 458 11.6 Case Study: Supporting Wind Generation Using PBC 467 Appendix 470 References 475 Problems 479 12 Resilience Engineering and Management 481 12.1 Introduction 481 12.2 Resilience Concept and Measures 481 12.3 Disaster Resilience Models of Power Grid 489 12.4 Prevention, Survivability, and Recovery 500 12.5 Variable Generation System Model 508 12.6 Case Study: Design for Resilient Distribution Systems 512 References 516 Problems 520

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